Chemistry As Level Revision Notes

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Unit-1: Atoms, Molecules and Stoichiometry

1.1: Relative Atomic Mass:

1.2: Calculations of Empirical/Molecular Formula:

1.3: Chemical Equations:

1.4: End of Chapter Past Paper Questions

Unit-2: Atomic Structure

2.1: Atom

2.2: Electronic Configuration

2.3: Ionisation Energy: HOIE

2: End of Chapter Past Paper Questions

Chemistry As Level Revision Notes

Unit-3: Chemical Bonding

3.1: Ionic or Electrovalent Bond:

3.2: Covalent Bonding:

3.3: Coordinate or Dative Covalent Bonding:

3.4: Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory

3.5: Orbital Hybridization

3.6: Metallic Bond:

3.7: Inter Molecular Forces of Attractions:

3.8: End of chapter past paper questions

Unit-4: States of Matter

4.1: Kinetic Molecular Theory (KMT) of Gases

4.2: Kinetic Molecular Model of Liquids

4.3: Solids

4.4: Macromolecules (Giant Covalent Structure):

4.5: Carbon Nanoparticles:

4.6: Metallic Lattices:

4.7: End of chapter past paper questions

Unit-5: Chemical Energetics

5.1: Standard Conditions for Standard Enthalpy Changes

5.2: Measuring Enthalpy Change of the Reactions

5.3: Hess’s law

5.4: Activation Energy (Ea)

5.5: End of chapter past paper questions:

Unit-6: Electrochemistry

6.1: End of chapter past paper questions

Unit-7: Equilibria

7.1: Irreversible and Reversible reactions

7.2: Le-Chatlier’s Principle

7.3: Equilibrium Constant Kc

7.4: Haber’s Process of Ammonia Formation

7.5: Contact Process of Sulphuric Acid Formation

7.6: Bronsted – Lowery Theory of Acids and Bases:

7.7: End of chapter past paper questions

Unit-8: Reaction Kinetics

8.1: Rate of Reaction

8.2: Boltzmann Distribution Curve and Effect of Temperature on Reaction Rate

8.3: Catalysis

8.4: Enzymes – Biological Catalyst:

8.5: End of chapter past paper questions

Unit-9: The Periodic Table: Chemical Periodicity

9.1: Periodicity of Physical Properties of Third Period Elements

9.2: Periodicity of Chemical Properties of Third Period Elements

9.3: Reaction of Sodium and Magnesium with Water

9.4: End of chapter past paper questions

Unit-10: Group 2

10.1: General Characteristic Properties of Group II Elements

10.2: Behavior of Group II Elements Oxides, Hydroxides and Carbonates

10.3: Solubility of Group II Metal Sulphates

10.4: End of chapter past paper questions

Unit-11: Group 17

11.1: General Characteristics

11.2: Reaction of Metal Halide with Conc

11.3: Disproportion Reaction

Unit-12: Nitrogen & Sulphur

12.1: Industrial Importance of Ammonia & Its Compounds

12.2: Pollution

12.3: Oxides of Nitrogen – Air Pollution

Unit-13: An Introduction to Organic Chemistry

13.1: Classification of Organic Compounds (Structural)

13.2: Types of Chemical Formulae

13.3: IUPAC Rules of Nomenclature (Assign Name to Organic Substances)

13.4: Characteristic Organic Reactions

13.5: Isomers

Unit-14: Hydrocarbons

14.1: Alkanes

14.2: Free Radical Substitution Reaction: (characteristic of alkanes-unsaturated)

14.3: Alkenes

14.4: Addition Reactions

14.5: Oxidation of Alkenes

14.6: Polymerization

14.7: Problems to Dispose of Plastic Wastes

14.8: Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil

14.9: Cracking of Alkanes

Unit-15: Halogen Derivatives

15.1: Physical Properties

15.2: Reactions of Halogenoalkanes

15.3: Uses of Halogenoalkanes

Unit-16: Hydroxy Compounds

16.1: Physical Properties of Alcohols

16.2: Manufacture of Ethanol

16.3: Reactions of Alkanols

16.4: Distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols

16.5: Tri – Iodo Methane Test

Unit-17: Carbonyl Compounds

17.1: Preparation of Carbonyl Compounds

17.2: Nucleophilic Addition of Hydrogen Cyanide

17.3: Test For Carbonyl Compounds

Unit-18: Carboxylic Acids & Derivatives

18.1: Formation of Carboxylic Acids

18.2: Reactions of Carboxylic Acids

18.3: Formation of Esters

18.4: Commercial Uses of Esters

18.5: Infra-red Spectroscopy